Fort Santiago is an ancient imperial city. In 1590, the governor of Spain, Santiago, transformed the original wooden fence-enclosed Fortress into a stone castle. Outside the wall, there was a moat, and on the wall up to 10 meters thick, there were towers and turrets. In the castle, the Risha Memorial Hall was a two-story Spanish-style building, displaying information and documents of his lifetime. There were countless Filipino patriots imprisoned here, including the national hero Horsey who died in a dark, depressing cell at Risha.